Electric vs. Hydraulic Actuators: Differences and Which One to Choose
There are two common solutions for lifting loads in medical equipment and transport systems: electric linear actuators and hydraulic actuators. Both move the load in a straight line; the difference is how they create this motion.
Electric actuator
It works with a DC motor, gearbox and spindle. It is powered from the mains (via a control box) or a battery; the user starts the movement with a hand control, foot control or control panel. Several actuators can be controlled together in the same system.
Hydraulic actuator (pump-operated)
In Polimot hydraulic actuators (e.g. HLA01), the pump cylinder, valves and reservoir are combined in a single unit, making it a self-contained closed system. Lifting is done by pumping with a pedal or lever; lowering is controlled by opening the valve. No electricity is required.
Comparison
| Feature | Electric actuator | Hydraulic (pump-operated) actuator |
|---|---|---|
| Power source | Mains or battery | No electricity, manual pumping |
| Operation | Effortless, at the push of a button | By pumping with a pedal or lever |
| Control options | Multiple actuators, controls, panels | Simple; lifting and controlled lowering |
| Typical application | Hospital beds, treatment chairs, adjustable desks | Stretchers, transport trolleys, places without power |
| Maintenance | Low | Maintenance-free sealed unit |
Which one should I choose?
- If your product is used in a fixed place near a socket and user comfort is the priority: an electric actuator.
- If your product is moved constantly or used where electricity is not always available: a hydraulic actuator.
- If you want to use an electric system independently of the mains, consider the rechargeable battery option.
In our hydraulic solutions, the stretcher actuator can carry high internal loads thanks to its integrated guide; this removes the need for an extra support mechanism in the design and lowers production cost.
Let us choose the right product for your application together. Send us your load, stroke, speed and operating environment details via our contact page, or use the Request a Quote button on the relevant product page; our technical team will recommend the most suitable solution.